Dekonstruksi Bias Gender dalam Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam sebagai Katalis Transformasi Sosial

Ridha Aulia; Amalia Safitri Hidayati; Mutia Miftachul Jannah

doi:10.62448/jppai.v1i2.575

Authors

Ridha Aulia Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Amalia Safitri Hidayati UPT Pembinaan Keagamaan dan Pengembangan Kepribadian Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
Mutia Miftachul Jannah Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62448/jppai.v1i2.575

Keywords:

Gender Bias, Curriculum Deconstruction, Islamic Religious Education, Social Transformation

Abstract

This study examines gender bias within the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) text-book and explores its deconstruction as a catalyst for social transformation. Despite Islamic education's egalitarian ideals, current textbooks often perpetuate patriarchal stereotypes, marginalizing women in visual representations, fiqh, and historical narratives. Using a qualitative library research method, this research analyzes literature through an interactive model of data reduction, narrative display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that gender bias stems from entrenched patriarchal epistemology disguised as religious doctrine. By radically deconstructing these texts, this study separates universal Islamic values from local patriarchal traditions. Furthermore, it proposes a curriculum reconstruction based on the mubadalah (reciprocity) paradigm, redefining the authoritative roles of figures like Sayyidah Khadijah and Aisyah. The study concludes that an egalitarian PAI curriculum, when synergized with gender-conscious educators, serves as a powerful pedagogical instrument to engineer social transformation toward a just and inclusive society

References

Akmansyah, M., Nurnazli, & Tiarani, F. (2025). Gender Representation in the Contents and Illustrations of Religious Education Textbooks. Buana Gender: Jurnal Studi Gender Dan Anak, 10(1), 72–91. https://doi.org/10.22515/bg.v10i1.9884.

Bataineh, A. M., Al-Shidi, A. H. A., & Sabiri, K. A. (2023). Gender Bias in Islamic Education School Textbooks in Oman- Grade 3. Journal of Arts, Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.33193/JALHSS.96.2023.921.

Crawfurd, L., Saintis-Miller, C., & Todd, R. (2024). Sexist textbooks: Automated analysis of gender bias in 1,255 books from 34 countries. PLOS ONE, 19(10), e0310366. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0310366.

Dimyathi, H. S., & Ghozali, F. (2018). Pendidikan Agama Islam dan budi pekerti untuk SMA/MA/SMK/MAK kelas XII (Edisi Revisi). Pusat Kurikulum dan Perbukuan, Balitbang, Kemendikbud.

Ebnou, M. (2023). An investigation of gender bias in Mauritanian secondary schools English textbooks: Towards more equal representation. Journal of Gender Studies, 32(7), 756–774. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2023.2219970.

Faqih, M. (2013). Analisis Gender & Transformasi Sosial. Pustaka Pelajar.

Fawaid, A., & Handayani, P. (2025). Visualizing inequality: Uncovering gender bias in Islamic textbooks of Indonesia. Cogent Education, 12(1), 2593342. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2025.2593342.

Fikri, S. (2024). The Islam dan Peran Politik Wanita: Diskursus antara Marginalisasi dan Pengakuan. El-Faqih : Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Hukum Islam, 10(2), 430–441. https://doi.org/10.58401/faqih.v10i2.1458.

Fitria, N. A., Arif, M. S., & Muhid, A. (2025). Integration of Gender Equality in Islamic Education Curriculum: A Content Study on Elementary School Textbooks. Scaffolding: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Dan Multikulturalisme, 7(1), 841–859. https://doi.org/10.37680/scaffolding.v7i1.7294.

Hadinata, A. B. (2024). Pandangan Islam Terhadap Sistem Sosial Patriarki Dalam Rumah Tangga. Jurnal Landraad, 3(2), 331–344. https://doi.org/10.59342/jl.v3i2.683.

Hamidah, T. (2011). Fiqh Perempuan berwawasan keadilan gender. UIN Maliki Press.

Handayani, Y. (2022). HUKUM PERKAWINAN ISLAM DI RUANG DIGITAL: Bias Gender dalam Wacana Hukum Perkawinan di Instagram. Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 14(2), 112–132. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2021.14201.

Iha Hamidah. (2023). Internalisasi Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti Dalam Mengembangkan Sikap Moderasi Beragama Melalui Materi Toleransi di SMA. PIJAR: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 1(2), 235–246. https://doi.org/10.58540/pijar.v1i2.416.

Ikrom, M. (2019). Syariat Islam Dalam Perspektif Gender Dan HAM. HUMANIKA, 18(1), 16–30. https://doi.org/10.21831/hum.v18i1.23126.

Kakkai, B., & Dave, N. (2024). Reassessing Early Childhood Literature for Quality Education and Gender Equality in the Context Of SDGs. Journal of Lifestyle and SDGs Review, 5(1), e02665. https://doi.org/10.47172/2965-730X.SDGsReview.v5.n01.pe02665.

Kuraedah, S., Gunawan, F., Alam, S., Ubaidillah, M. F., Alimin, A., & Fitriyani, F. (2023). Gender representation in government-endorsed Arabic language textbooks: Insights from Indonesia. Frontiers in Education, 7, 1022998. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.1022998.

Majidi, A., Laili, N. K., & Jaime, D. N. (2024). Redefining Equality in Marriage Laws: An Analysis of Husband-Wife Relations Through Qira`ah Mubādalah. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Law, 7(2), 43–63. https://doi.org/10.35719/dvnwmw07.

Milles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana. (2020). Qualitative Data Analysis, A Methods Sourceboo (R. Tjeptjep, Trans.; 3rd ed.). Sage publications. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=p0wXBAAAQBAJ&printsec

Mim, M. B., & . A. A. S. M. (2025). Constructing Womanhood in Fagun Haway (2019): Balancing Female Agency within a Patriarchal Narrative. International Journal of Creative Multimedia, 6(1), 161–180. https://doi.org/10.33093/ijcm.2025.6.1.10.

Mubarok, R. (2022). Peran dan Fungsi Kurikulum Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Multikultural. CBJIS : Cross-Border Journal of Islamic Studies, 3(2), 75–85. https://doi.org/10.37567/cbjis.v3i2.984.

Nadjib, A. (2018). Reciprocality in Quran and Hadith: A Study on Qiraah Mubadalah MubaadalahNews.com: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Recent Innovations, 1970–1976. https://doi.org/10.5220/0009938019701976.

Nurliana, N., & Hidayat, R. (2021). Bias gender dalam buku pelajaran agama Islam Sekolah Menengah Atas. IJouGS: Indonesian Journal of Gender Studies, 2(1), 43–57. https://doi.org/10.21154/ijougs.v2i1.3039

Pusat Pengkajian Islam dan Masyarakat (PPIM) UIN Jakarta, & United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). (2018). Laporan program Countering Violent Extremism for Youth (CONVEY) Indonesia. PPIM UIN Jakarta.

Ritonga, A. A. & Nurmawati. (2025). Analysis of the Representation of Religious Moderation Values in Senior High School Islamic Religious Education Textbooks under the Merdeka Curriculum: A Qualitative Study Using Content Analysis. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 14(1), 105–117. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2025.141.105-117.

Sachedina, A. A. (2009). Islam and the challenge of human rights. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195388428.001.0001

Sari, M., & Asmendri. (2020). Penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dalam penelitian pendidikan IPA. Natural Science: Jurnal Penelitian Lingkungan Hidup dan Pendidikan IPA, 6(1), 41–53. https://doi.org/10.15548/nsc.v6i1.1555

Septyana Tentiasih, Maftuhah, & Suharsono. (2024). Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Multidispliner (dialektika Konsep Pendidikan Berbasis Agama Dan Budaya). Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.37286/ojs.v10i1.211.

Setiyawan, R. & Sri Lestari. (2021). Gender Bias in Islamic Children’s Literature: Case Study in Indonesia. Progresiva : Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pendidikan Islam, 10(2), 62–75. https://doi.org/10.22219/progresiva.v10i2.18712.

Setiyawan, R., Wijayadi, W., & Roisiah, R. R. (2025). PAI–PAK Elementary School Textbooks as an Ideological State Apparatus (ISA): A van Leeuwen Critical Discourse Analysis Framed by Ecofeminism on the Construction of Gender–Ecology in the Independent Curriculum (Merdeka Curriculum). Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 14(2), 225–232. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2025.142.225-232.

Sifrotul Maftuhah, & Mufidah, Z. (2025). Analisis Diskursus Gender pada Salah Satu Bahan Ajar PAI. TSAQAFATUNA : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Islam, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.54213/tsaqafatuna.v7i2.648.

Wadud, A. (1999a). Qur’an and woman: Rereading the sacred text from a woman’s perspective. Oxford University Press. https://archive.org/details/quranwomanreread0000wadu

Wadud, A. (1999b). Qur’an and Woman: Rereading the Sacred Text from a Woman’s Perspective. Oxford University Press. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1051560

Wasik, A. (2023). Tafsir Al-Qur’an Dalam Perspektif Kaum Feminis (Pemikiran Asma Barlas Dan Kontribusinya Terhadap Perkembangan Hukum Islam). Al-Adillah: Jurnal Hukum Islam, 3(2), 64–78. https://doi.org/10.61595/aladillah.v3i2.744.

Wicaksono, M. J. A., Nurmila, N., Arifin, B. S., & Karman, K. (2021). Critical Discourse Analysis of Gender Construction on Islamic History Content in the Islamic Religious Education Textbook for Junior High School. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 18(2), 475–492. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.2021.182-14.

Wihdatul Muna, M., Khusen Alchays, F., & Mawardi, K. (2025). From Aisha to Fatima al-Fihri: Deconstructing Masculine Narratives in Classical Islamic Historiography. Edu Global : Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 6(1), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.56874/eduglobal.v6i1.2140.

Winkel, H. (2021). Islamic Feminism. Thinking Gender Justice as a Religious Knowledge Practice. In C. Gärtner & H. Winkel (Eds.), Exploring Islam beyond Orientalism and Occidentalism (pp. 179–210). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33239-6_8.

Yuliharti, Y., Agustiar, A., Hasbi, R., Efendi, A., & Alfiah, A. (2025). Reconstruction of Gender Interpretation in Misogynistic Hadiths: Implications for Islamic Education Reform. Journal of Posthumanism, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.63332/joph.v5i3.964.

Yusuf, M. (2023). Pendidikan Agama Islam di Era Post-Truth dan VUCA: Mengembangkan Kritisisme dan Keterampilan Pemikiran Kritis. Kartika: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 3(2), 111–124. https://doi.org/10.59240/kjsk.v3i2.46.

Zulyadain, Z. (2017). Menimbang Kontorversi Pemaknaan Konsep Ahl Al-Kitāb dalam Al-Qur’an. Ulumuna, 16(2), 279–310. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v16i2.180.